Nuevas formas de envejecer activamente: Calidad de Vida y Actividad Física desde una perspectiva Psicosocial

El objetivo principal de este monográfico se centra en ofrecer una visión holística y diversificada del envejecimiento activo en personas mayores que, de una u otra forma, se relacionan con la práctica de la actividad física. Los trabajos de investigación aquí recogidos suponen una representación variada de estudios de corte empírico aplicados sobres diferentes temáticas, tales como, la felicidad, el cine, la autoestima o las estrategias comunicativas, entre otras

Criterios específicos para analizar la geometría en libros de texto para la enseñanza Primaria y Secundaria Obligatoria. Análisis desde los cuerpos de revolución

En este trabajo presentamos la elaboración de criterios para el análisis de las propuestas que se hacen en libros de texto para la enseñanza/aprendizaje de la geometría. Indicamos también resultados obtenidos al analizar libros de texto editados en la Comunidad Valenciana por diferentes editoriales para los diferentes cursos de la Enseñanza Primaria y para 1º y 3º de la Secundaria Obligatoria centrando la atención en los cuerpos de revolución. Delimitamos competencias específicas asociadas a los procesos matemáticos de describir, clasificar, , al establecimiento de relaciones, y/o a la medición que se favorecen utilizando estos sólidos como contexto; consideramos los contenidos curriculares implicados, la manera de comunicar , la transferencia de resultados de la investigación que se ve reflejada en los textos y cómo se va desarrollando la propuesta desde primaria a secundaria

Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of the Aberrant Expression of beta-Catenin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

We would like to thank the research group CTS-392 (Plan Andaluz de Investigacion, Junta de Andalucia, Spain).This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of the aberrant expression of beta-catenin (assessed through the immunohistochemical loss of membrane expression, cytoplasmic and nuclear expression) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We searched for primary-level studies published before October-2021 through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with no limitation in regard to their publication date or language. We evaluated the methodological quality and risk of bias of the studies included using the QUIPS tool, carried out meta-analyses, explored heterogeneity and their sources across subgroups and meta-regression, and conducted sensitivity and small-study effects analyses. Forty-one studies (2746 patients) met inclusion criteria. The aberrant immunohistochemical expression of beta-catenin was statistically associated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.20-2.60, p = 0.004), disease-free survival (HR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.10-5.50, p = 0.03), N+ status (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.68-3.40, p < 0.001), higher clinical stage (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.58-3.63, p < 0.001), higher tumour size (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.23-2.53, p = 0.004), and moderately-poorly differentiated OSCC (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.09-2.25, p = 0.02). The loss of beta-catenin in the cell membrane showed the largest effect size in most of meta-analyses (singularly for poor overall survival [HR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.55-3.62, p < 0.001], N+ status [OR = 3.44, 95% CI = 2.40-4.93, p < 0.001] and higher clinical stage [OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.17-5.35, p = 0.02]). In conclusion, our findings indicate that immunohistochemical assessment of the aberrant expression of beta-catenin could be incorporated as an additional and complementary routine prognostic biomarker for the assessment of patients with OSCC.Junta de Andalucia CTS-39

On the application of short-term heart rate variability indices to track changes in cognitive arousal

Studies have demonstrated that Heart Rate Variability (HRV) can be utilized as an effective tool for monitoring the level of arousal. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is frequently measured by heart rate and principally controlled by the coordinated parasympathetic and sympathetic systems, which also regulate fluctuations in arousal. In HRV studies short-term analysis is more affordable and easier to measure rather than long-term analysis. Here, to track arousal changes, 31 participants (18 male and 13 female) with a mean age of 32 years were examined in both relaxed and aroused stages. Relax and arousal states are measured in two stages, each lasting five minutes. Relaxed status was carried out with closed eyes and listening to nature sounds. The arousal status was performed by playing a Stroop test while listening to traffic noise or death metal music. After data acquisition, 28 HRV features are calculated for each five-minute epoch. The observations have demonstrated that novel indices such as FnQ and ACI produced better results in arousal detection by using short-term (5 min) HRV analysis among all of the obtained indices. Moreover, the performance of ACI was significantly superior to the rest since it is a robust and easy-to-compute index. Consequently, ACI can be used as a powerful tool for monitoring cognitive arousal.Postprint (published version

Challenges in the Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer, Evidence Gaps and Strategies for Improvement: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews

Oral cancer is a growing problem, accounting for 377,713 worldwide new cases per year, and 177,757 deaths annually and representing a 5-year mortality rate close to 50%, which is a considerable mortality that has not decreased substantially in the last 40 years. The main cause of this high mortality is related to the diagnosis of a high percentage of oral cancers in advanced stages (stages III and IV) in which treatment is complex, mutilating or disabling, and ineffective. The essential cause of a cancer diagnosis at a late stage is the delay in diagnosis, therefore, the achievement of the objective of improving the prognosis of oral cancer involves reducing the delay in its diagnosis. The reasons for the delay in the diagnosis of oral cancer are complex and involve several actors and circumstances—patients, health care providers, and health services. In this paper, we present the results of a scoping review of systematic reviews on the diagnostic delay in oral cancer with the aim to better understand, based on the evidence, and discuss in depth, the reasons for this fact, and to identify evidence gaps and formulate strategies for improvement

A novel robust index to assess beat-to-beat variability in heart rate time-series analysis

A new index is proposed to estimate the variance of the differentiated heart rate (RR) time series from its truncated histogram. The index is more robust to artifacts than the standard deviation of the differentiated RR time series (rMSDD) and, unlike the pNN50, does not saturate for very high or very low heart rate variability.Peer Reviewe

State of Evidence on Oral Health Problems in Diabetic Patients: A Critical Review of the Literature

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem, having recognized that in the next 20 years the number of diabetic patients in the world will increase to 642 million. DMexerts enormous repercussions on general health diabetic (especially derived from vascular, cardiac, renal, ocular, or neurological affectation). It entails in addition a high number of deaths directly related to the disease, as well as a high health care cost, estimated at $673 billion annually. Oral cavity is found among all the organs and systems affected in the course of DM. Important pathologies are developed with higher prevalence, such as periodontitis (PD), alterations in salivary flow, fungal infections, oral cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). It has been proven that PD hinders the metabolic control of DM and that the presence of PD increases the possibility for developing diabetes. Despite the relevance of these oral pathologies, the knowledge of primary care physicians and diabetes specialists about the importance of oral health in diabetics, as well as the knowledge of dentists about the importance of DM for oral health of patients is scarce or non-existent. It is accepted that the correct management of diabetic patients requires interdisciplinary teams, including dentists. In this critical review, the existing knowledge and evidence-degree on the preventive, clinical, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspects of oral diseases that occur with a significant frequency in the diabetic population are developed in extension

Alteraciones cardiovasculares generadas por la exposición crónica de Cadmio

"Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo. La hipertensión es un factor de riesgo para complicaciones cardiovasculares ampliamente estudiada; sin embargo, existen factores de riesgo emergentes como la intoxicación por cadmio (Cd2+). El Cd2+ es un metal pesado que afecta algunos sistemas del organismo como consecuencia de la contaminación ambiental, consumo de alimentos contaminados y principalmente por el consumo de cigarro a través del cual se inhala hasta 1.7 µg de este metal. El Cd2+ se acumula en órganos como hígado, pulmones y riñones. Evidencias clínicas y experimentales han demostrado que la exposición a Cd2+ induce diversos cambios adversos en el sistema cardiovascular especialmente sobre el sistema de conducción, además de daño estructural del miocardio, aumento del volumen sistólico, gasto cardiaco y presión arterial. Estos cambios han sido asociados al incremento del estrés oxidativo y especialmente se ha involucrado al endotelio vascular como órgano diana en las complicaciones de la toxicidad por Cd2+. Es aceptado que la disfunción endotelial es trascendental en las complicaciones cardiovasculares de enfermedades como la Diabetes Mellitus donde el daño al endotelio se atribuye al incremento del estrés oxidativo por sobreexpresión de la NADPH oxidasa.